Neurofibromas are non-malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, which are classified as plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) if they extend longitudinally along a nerve and involve multiple fascicles. PNs are a major cause of morbidity and disfigurement in individuals with NF1, and as the tumor growth progresses, can cause a multitude of clinical problems including pain and impaired physical function. PNs have the potential to undergo malignant transformation to Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheet Tumors (MPNST).
Mirdametinib (PD-0325901) is an orally delivered, highly selective small-molecule inhibitor of the dual specificity kinases, MEK1 and MEK2 (MAPK/ERK Kinase) which prevents the phosphorylation and subsequent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).
Previous studies of mirdametinib (PD-0325901) demonstrated PN shrinkage and sustained inhibition of pERK. Reduced tumor volume indicated that cell proliferation or cell death may be altered in PNs with administration of mirdametinib (PD-0325901).
Key Inclusion Criteria:
* Participant has documented NF1 mutation or a diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) using National Institute of Health (NIH) Consensus Conference criteria inclusive of the presence of a plexiform neurofibroma (PN).
* Participant has a PN that is causing significant morbidity.
* Participant has a PN that cannot be completely surgically removed.
* Participant has a target tumor that is amenable to volumetric MRI analysis.
* Participant is willing to undergo a tumor biopsy pre and post treatment if ≥ 18 years of age.
* Participant has adequate organ and bone marrow function.
Key Exclusion Criteria:
* Participant has abnormal liver function or history of liver disease.
* Participant has lymphoma, leukemia or any malignancy within the past 5 years (except for resected basal/squamous skin carcinomas without metastases within 3 years).
* Participant has breast cancer within 10 years.
* Participant has active optic glioma or other low-grade glioma requiring treatment.
* Participant has abnormal QT interval corrected or other heart disease within 6 months.
* Participant has a history of retinal pathology, risk factors for retinal vein occlusion or has a history of glaucoma.
* Participant has known malabsorption syndrome or gastrointestinal conditions that would impair absorption of mirdametinib (PD-0325901).
* Participant has received NF1 PN-targeted therapy within 45 days.
* Participant previously received or is currently receiving therapy with mirdametinib (PD-0325901) or any other MEK1/2 inhibitor.
* Participant has received radiation therapy within 6 months or has received radiation to the orbit at any time.
* Participant is unable to undergo or tolerate MRI.
* Participant has active bacterial, fungal or viral infection.
* Participant has experienced other severe acute or chronic medical or psychiatric conditions within 1 year.
